Preparation of electrospun nanofibers based on wheat gluten containing azathioprine for biomedical application

In this study, wheat gluten fibers loaded by the azathioprine were fabricated and their physicochemical properties were studied. The nanofibers were characterized by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transformed-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, thermogravimetric, and differential thermal analysis. The SEM images showed that the addition of polyvinyl alcohol decreased the fibers’ diameters. The diameters of 77.14?±?14.11?nm were obtained for the wheat gluten–polyvinyl alcohol loaded drug fibers. In addition, the cell viability evaluation conducted by the MTT assay proved no cytotoxicity of the prepared nonofibers at concentrations up to 4?mg/mL to human umbilical vein endothelial cell.     

以任意高维纠缠态为量子信道的受控隐形传态

目的是利用高维量子纠缠态为量子信道，讨论未知单粒子态的受控隐形传输问题。以三维量子纠缠态为信道，提出一个二维任意单粒子态的受控隐形传输协议。提出了以任意[d]-维量子纠缠态为量子信道，[t]-维任意单粒子态的隐形传输协议[(t相似文献   

Inhibitory effects of three chemical dust suppressants on nitrocellulose dust cloud explosion

Three types of self-prepared chemical dust suppressants (CDSs) were investigated for their inhibitory effects on nitrocellulose (NC) cloud dust explosion. The results revealed that NC is extremely sensitive to electric sparks and has a high explosion intensity. CaCl₂-CDS effectively increased the particle size to control fly dust substantially inhibiting dust cloud explosions. However, both Na₂SO₄-CDS and MgCl₂-CDS exhibited poor abilities and even promoted explosion. Therefore, neither Na₂SO₄-CDS nor MgCl₂-CDS is recommended as a CDS for NC. Inappropriately using CDSs may engender severe explosions. Furthermore, a mechanism underlying NC dust cloud combustion and explosion was proposed. NC has three stages of heat release: autoxidation, thermal decomposition, and combustion. Thermal decomposition, combustion, and explosion were triggered depending on the energy provided from autoxidation. CaCl₂-CDS inhibited only combustion. This study reveals the mechanism underlying NC dust cloud explosions and provides useful information for the development of more optimized CDSs.     

粗金粉中金的氯浸-控制电位还原精炼

某冶炼厂氰化金泥还原得到的粗金产品纯度较低，采用氯浸-还原工艺对粗金进行了精炼提纯。在生产工艺中采用盐酸+氯酸钠对粗金进行氯浸溶解，用焦亚硫酸钠控制电位选择性还原浸出液中的金。采用补水-冷却使银和铅从氯浸液充分沉淀析出，通过调整pH值、改变焦亚硫酸钠添加方式、精确控制还原电位等方法，产品金锭达到IC-Au99.99标准。两年的生产实践创造了明显的经济效益。     

渤海湾盆地沙垒田地区新近纪走滑断裂发育特征及其对油气富集的控制作用

沙垒田凸起地区是渤海海域西部新近系油气最为富集的区域，为了明确新近系走滑断裂发育特征及对油气富集的控制作用，依托连片高精度三维地震、钻井取心等资料，对走滑断裂类型及发育特征进行了详细刻画，并对走滑断裂与成藏要素之间的关系进行了探讨。综合研究表明：研究区发育断穿基底走滑断裂、盖层走滑断裂及伸展-走滑断裂三种不同类型走滑断裂；走滑断裂对圈闭的控制作用表现为在不同类型走滑断裂控制下，断裂带内及断裂带间形成了多种类型圈闭，其中大型披覆背斜圈闭、断鼻、断背斜圈闭为有利圈闭，小型断块圈闭为不利圈闭；走滑断裂对输导体系的控制作用体现在断裂活动控制了骨架砂体输导体系及断裂输导体系的形成发育，有利于周边凹陷成熟烃源岩排烃及运移输导；走滑断裂对储层的控制作用表现为走滑作用形成的高角度裂缝提高了储层渗透率，改善了储层物性。新近纪普遍发育的走滑断裂是研究区油气富集的主控因素。     

Homogeneous non-equilibrium two-phase choked flow modeling

The estimation of the release conditions is critical input to subsequent risk assessment accident analysis. To this respect a new homogeneous non-equilibrium two-phase model is proposed to simulate the depressurization from stagnation conditions leading to the bubbly flow regime. The proposed model, being intermediate between HEM (homogeneous equilibrium) and HFM (homogeneous frozen) models, presents no discontinuity in the liquid phase depressurization path gradient and therefore no discontinuity in sound speed. The proposed model is successfully validated against the NASA hydrogen critical flow experiments and compared against predictions from both HEM and HFM, using hydrogen physical properties from NIST. An increase of the pressure difference between stagnation and the intersection of isentropic with saturation line leads to increase of the choked mass flux, decrease of the throat to stagnation pressure ratio, decrease of the liquid superheat and decrease of the vapor quality. The proposed model was found to overestimate the experimental throat mass fluxes by no more than 10% and underestimate the experimental throat to stagnation pressure ratios by no more than 50%, while predicted liquid superheat values range from 3.8 to 11% of the saturation temperature. Deviations between models were found to increase for low values of the pressure difference parameter, where non-equilibrium effects become more important. Under these conditions the throat mass flux is underestimated by maximum 20% by HEM and overestimated up to 32% by HFM, while the throat to stagnation pressure ratio is overestimated by up to 72% and underestimated by 80% respectively.     

Temperature-sensitive polyurethane (TSPU) film incorporated with carvacrol and cinnamyl aldehyde: antimicrobial activity,sustained release kinetics and potential use as food packaging for Cantonese-style moon cake

Temperature-sensitive polyurethane (TSPU) films incorporated with carvacrol and cinnamyl aldehyde were prepared for the potential use of food packaging. The antimicrobial properties and sustained release kinetics of carvacrol and cinnamyl aldehyde in TSPU film were investigated. Results indicated that cinnamyl aldehyde and carvacrol had favourable antimicrobial properties at relatively low addition ratio. The diffusion and release of carvacrol were linearly related to temperature and its addition ratio. The release rates of carvacrol from TSPU film increased from 0.6% to 2.2% with the increase of addition ratio and temperature. The first-order kinetic equation could be used to describe its diffusion and sustained release process. TSPU films could significantly prolong the shelf life of Cantonese-style moon cakes by effectively inhibiting microbial growth and decreasing lipid oxidation comparing with commonly used polyethylene food packaging. Results obtained in the present work can provide technical guide of sustained release food packaging films with antimicrobial properties.     

Spontaneous Oleofoams from Water-in-Oil Emulsions

Spontaneously foaming oil systems have been formulated from water-in-oil emulsions by the controlled release and entrapment of gas in emulsified water droplets contained within the oil. The cascade of events leading to their formation is as follows: Two Span 60-emulsified populations of water droplets, one containing Na₂CO₃, the other 10% HCl and caseinate, were mixed in miglyol oil; the controlled coalescence of Na₂CO₃ droplets with the HCl ones served as a microreactor for the pH reduction and the subsequent release of CO₂ from Na₂CO₃; these gas microbubbles were arrested by sodium caseinate, stabilizing a microfoam within the water droplets; these droplets expanded under the rising gas pressure, spontaneously transforming the surrounding oil into a foamy oleogel containing water droplets.     

Strategies To Design and Synthesize Polymer-Based Stimuli-Responsive Drug-Delivery Nanosystems

The emergence and development of nanomedicine have alleviated problems existing in traditional chemotherapy drugs, such as short lifetime, concomitant side effects, and weak tumor-targeting capability. Nevertheless, the further applications of drug-loaded nanocarriers are still limited by their premature leakage, weak targeting capability, and insufficient intracellular release. In past decades, various nanocarriers, including gold nanoparticles, porous silica nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, micelles, liposomes, and polymer–drug conjugates, have been intensively investigated for tumor therapy. Among these, polymer-based nanocarriers have attracted more attention due to their biocompatibilities and capability of being modified for stimuli-responsive drug release. In this review, three popular strategies to design and synthesize polymer-based stimuli-responsive nanocarriers are discussed. The discussion goes from stimuli-responsive polymers with responsive backbones or modified by responsive functional groups for drug encapsulation and release to polymer–drug conjugates with responsive covalent linkages. In particular, due to the facile synthetic processes and mild reaction conditions for crosslinked structures, the latest progress in responsive crosslinked structures is emphasized. Finally, future perspectives for these nanomaterials are given, which are expected to provide inspiration for researchers to design more effective and safer tumor-killing nanomedicines.